Type-writing machine.



B. C. STRCKNEY.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. PucAnon man nic I9 19 l AP I (nl. |4, 1,227,21 3. Patented May 22, 1917. 'A

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` Patented May 22, 1917.

TYBEWBITEBGOMPANY, or NEW vonk, n. Y.,

Lee-asie.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, BURNHAM C. STICK- Nnr, va citizen of the-United States, residing in Elizabeth,

have invented certain new land `useful Improvements in Type- Writing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

' My invention relates particularly to typewriting machinesof the class in which the types strike rearwardly against a visible face 'of the platen. lAn object of the invention isto provide a compactmachine of this class, and particularly to reduce the height of the "machine, and further to reduce the 'lengthrom frontto rear. The type-bars aremade quite short to reduce the height of the machine, and are compactly arranged behind the keyboard in a central position over the key levers which extend rearwardly vfrom the keys. lith this arrangement, are located some distance laterally beyond their type-bars.

t A feature of the invention. resides in a,

nov'elarrangement :for uniform movement of the outer type-bars as well as the central type-bars. The key levers are arranged in about parallel relation, andr may be f ulcrumed behind the platen, each key lever comprising any arm depending from its fidel-um, and a portion extending forwardly from thelower end of said arm below the platen and type-bars, and at its forward end upturned andprovided with a key.

The type-bars swing on an arc-shaped fulcrum rodand are connected to the key levers through. sub-levers and links. The sublevers. may be 'arranged with their inner ends lying 'in an bar liulcrum'rod, `and suitably connected to swing the type-bars-and saidsub-levers are :tanned out soth at tlie outer end of each sublever extends laterally to its key lever. The

connectingflinksextend'iforwardly from the 1 of the key levers and are vpivoted attheir forward ends to the outerl depending arms endsfof the lsubl`e vcrs.' rlhe .inner ends of segments or racks being` Asuitab `grees.- As the outer' end of each sub-lever rYrn-wmrine insomnia.

' specification pf Letters Patent.

in :the county of Union and 5 StateofNew Jersey, i

the outlying key levers arc adjacent to the type-4 .the sub-.levers may bein the form of gear" meshing Awith gear seg'- ments onthe type-bars, "this gear connection f 'leAv for. swinging the type-bars through" anl arc of mine than ninety dei new' 'Jansen assieivon "ro '.Unnn'nwoon a conronafrxon'or DELAWARE. .v

has a forward andrearward movement, in the plane of its connectedl key lever, .there 1s no lateral pull ortorsional strain on the w Patented May 22,1917; Application filed Decem'ber 19, 2.914.l Serial No. 878,021. v i

key lever, the line of force .applied through L the link being in the plane in which the key lever swings. ing' keys as well as the central keys is thus obtained.- The desired compactness is secured by having these shorttype-bars, their sub-levers, andthe links, all occupy the space between the keys and the pendent arms which form portions of the key levers.`

The type-bars may each preferably three types, and may be mounted on a segment or support normally in position to print with the central types, land shiftable up and down to upper and lower case positions. The sub-.levers may 'be mounted to shift up and down with the type-bars, so that their relation to the typeba-rs is the samefor all case positions. The direction in which the type-bar support is shifted is transverse to the "direction in which the links connecting thekey levers and sub-levers extend and act. The case-shifting of the type-bar support may thus be permitted without affecting the position of the keys or altering the type action, as the links which form the connection between the shifting f and non-shifting parts merely An easy actionof the outly-` be provided with lswingI about their points of connection with Fig". 3 is a sectional elevation showing the arrangement. of the typeactions, one of the type-bars beingv in printing position.v y

Fi-g. 4-is a front elevation view of the lmachine, parts being broken away. -The type-barsl, pivotedon an. arc-shapedv ulcrum rod 2, andnormally supportediin a substantially horizontal position witlr their' free ends resting on a basket or support 3, arearranged to swing upwardly and rearwardlyto strikethe frontface'of the roller platen .4. above and tothe rear of .thefulcrum and the type-bars which are/quite lshort for fragmentary sectional eleva-pl tion view illustratingthe case-shitting mech- The-platen is preferably located the sake f economizing space, swing through an arc of more than ninety degrees 'to vthe printing center somewhat above the center of the front face of the platen.

The type-bars are case type 6, and upper and-lower case types 7 and 8,`respectively, and to permit each type to be brought to the printing centers,

the fullunrrod 2 is mounted on a segl the main frame'22 ofthe machine, vThe y the segment upwardly against a stop 34g.

typefbar segment 5 may be yieldingly held in middle-case position by a detent roller 23 erriedxby a spring arm 2e'and seated in a cam recess 25 on the segment 5. The segment 5 is shiftable downward to lower-case position by-means of a shift key 2G on the shift key lever 27 connected through a link 28 to a rock arm 29 fixed to the shaft 20, so

Athat when thekey 26 is depressed the segi ment 5 is moved downward against a s'top 429a (Fig. 3) in which position the lowerv case types 8 can swing to the printing point. An upper-case shift key 30 on the key lever 31 is connected through a link 32 to an arm 33 on the rock shaft' 19 for shifting print.

When the type-bar support 5 1s shifted upwardly by depressing the uppercase-shift in which position the upper-case types 7 cankey- 30, the spring-actuated `detent 23 isl forced out of the cani-recess 25 and swings into a cam depression 35 so that the detent.

assists in holding the type-bar ysupport in upper case position. When the sluftdrey is released, the weight of the parts is suffi,-

cient to overbal'ance the holding power of the detent, and allows the typerbar segment to drop back to middle case position, When the lower case shift-key 26 is depressed to carry the segment 5 downward. the detent 23 seats in a cam recess 36 tending to hold the segment in. lower case position. During the downward movement of the'segrnent, however, a spring 37 which may bear upwardly against the rock arm 29, is placed under compression sufficient to overbalance the weight of the' segment 5, and the parts carried thereby, and also vcrbalances the holding power of the detent 23, so that when the shift key is released, the segment 5 is thrown upward by the spring 37 to middlecaseposition, where it is accurately centered y preferably each pro* vvided wlth three types, namely, a middle` and heldl bythe detent 23 seating in the.

cam groove 25. The spring 37 may bc under a little compression when the typebar segment is in middle-case position to partially counterbalance the `weight of the segment.

The character 'keys 9 are mounted on the upturned 'forward endsotl key levers 10, each of which comprises a portion or arm 13 extending rearwardly beneath the type- `bars, the rear endof the leverbeing bent upward to form an arm 12. The arms 12 are fulcrumed at their upper ends on avrod 11 extendmg across themachine at the rear f tance laterally of the vcorresponding'tyfpebars.

In order to `secure easy action of the typebars, an arrangement of sub-levers 15 and links 14 is provided between the key levers and type-bars, as will now be described. The inner ends of the sub-levers are arranged in an arc beneath the fulcrum rod 2 and fan out so that the outer end of each' sub-lever extends laterally. far enough to bring its outer end approxlmately into the vertical plane of its actuating key lever.

Each sub-lever 15 is connected `at its `outer end by a pivot 16 to the forward-end ofa link 14, which extends rearwardly there-V from ,-and is pivoted at 14; to a key lever' near the lower end of the arm 12. As the. j arms 12 l1ave, mainly a forward and rearward movement, the depression of a typekey 9 pulls the connected link 14 rearwardly and swings the sub-lever15 about 4'its pivot 37, and through a segment rack 39 on the inner end of the suh-leif'er meshing with a seg'-,

ment pinion. 3S' on the corresponding typebar, swings the type-bar upwardly and rearwardly to ,strike against the platen. The central type-bar segments 38lie in substantially vertical' planes, while the segments 38 on` each side of the center, are' more or lless inclined, depending upon their distance from the center. `The sub-levers 15 swing in corrr respondingly inclined planes. As the pivot 16 at the outerl end of each sub-lever 15 moves substantially inthe vertical plane of the connected link and key lever, there is no lateral pull on thekey levers, and an easy and uniform action of all the obtained. y

The central sub-levers 15 asshown in Fig. 3, may be quite. short, while/the outlying sub-levers'l, as shown in Fig. 1,a1'e 0f f considerable length to correspond with the keys is l' position of theconnected'link and key lever.. f I

The pivots 37 of the sub-levers inay extend in a horizontal row; and may be so spaced that the length of., the inner and. outer armsl of all the sublevers bear a substantially constant ratio, whereby the distance through which each character key 9 is depressed to swing its type-'bar into printing position, is' substantially the saine. rlhe pivots 37 may be supported on short arms 40 strung on parallel-rods 41, said arms being spaced by blocks 42, and the forward end of each arm 40, except the central arm or arms, being twisted to bringit into av plane parallel with the connectedy sub-lever 15.. The supporting rods 41 may have a fixed con neetion with the type-bar segment 5, so that the sub-levers are' carried up and down with the segment and' retain a substantially constant relation to the type-bars during the case-shifting of the segment. As the caseshifting movement of/tlie segment 5 is per-V pendicular toxthe direction of movement of the-links 14, the' type actionis practically the same in each case-position. The .connec- \tion between the sub-levers 15 and tlie-typebars preferably consists of gears 88 and 39 owing to the fact that the type-bars are swung through a greater angle than ninety degrees.

The pivots 16 at the forward ends of the links -14 may be arranged', as shown, in a horizontal row. extending transversely of' -the keyboard, with which arranger-nent the links 14 are all the same length.- Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the. invention, and portions ofthe improvements may be used without others. Having thus described my invention, I

claim:

' 1.In a typeaction for typewriting machi'nes, the combination with a rearwardlystriking type-bar, of a sub-lever extending laterally therefrom and operatively con-v nected at its inner end to the type-bar, a key-lever having a depressible key, said key-lever f'ulcrumed in rear of the sub-lever and having a portion depending from its pivot and moved rearwardly'as the key is' depressed, `and a 'link connected to saiddepending portion and extending forwardly and connected at its forward end' to the sub-lever at a point substantially in the plane in which the key-lever swings, said sub-lever at its point of connection with the link having a; rearward movement as the key is depressed.

2..In a typewriting machine, the combi-- lower ends of said upwardly extending kei rearward` movementwhen l,the key/:is 'depressed7 and. amlink formin leyer and sub-lever.

3: In a typewriting machiiie,."the combi-' nation with a set of key-levers vextending` a connection! '.betweensaid depending portions of the ke'yf' forwardly and rearwardly and having atV their rear ends upwardly-extending "ful- Crum arms and keys at their forward ends,

.7.5 i and occupying the space between said ul a set of type-bars overlying the` key-levers crum arms and said keys,` and extending transversely only a fraction of. the trans;

verse distance across the set .of keyflevers,

sub-levers pivoted intermediate their-rends' and having connection at their inner ends with the type-bars. for swinging the latter,.- said sub-levers farmed outwardly from the,

type-bai's'so that theouter'- end of each sub lever extends laterally a distance determined by lthe "position of itskey-lever, andmeans operatedlby the key-levers and "forming"4 i connections between the.l key-levers and the .outer ends of the sub-levers foractuatingr the latter, the points of connection between',

each connecting means` and its key-lever andy sub-lever being substantially in the vertical f plane ofthe connected'` key-lever.:

4. In atypewriting machine, th tion with a set ofv type-bars arranged ,to

swing rearwardly to a common print-ing* center,- ofqa system of key-levers having, at

their rear ends upwardly-extending .fulf

crum arms and keys at their forward "endsl i' .the oi'itlyingA levers of which are located laterally at a distance beyond the outlying..

type-bars, and a set ofl sub-leverspivotedintermediate their endsA and. connected 'at theirinner ends to actuate the type-bars 'and tanned out from the type-bars to bringtheir'- l outer ends into alinement -withthe corre-gi" spondingkey-leverathe outer endsA of' the subflevers havingA al forward and rearward movement, said keyleverscomprising portions also having a forwardandrearward movement and connected to the outer'ends' of the' sub-levers throughy forwardly and..

rearwardly extending links, saidtype-bai's,

sub-leversVand links occupying -the space between said fulcrum arms' and said keys.

5. In altypewriting machine, the combi;

nation with a" set of type-bars arranged to swing upwardly and rearwardly to a com# mon lprinting center, of a set 'of key-levers each' comprising a rearwardly extending the rear end of said portion, said arms located in rear of the(typebars, tliefoutlying key-levers being located laterally beyond the corresponding type-bars, sub-levers each pivotedintermediate its ends and connected f at one end to operate'a type-bar, the other ends of the sub-levers extending laterally,` and links extending forwardly -froin`.: t`l

12o portion and an arm extending upwardly. at* 1 1everjarms,saidlinks connected at their forward ends to' the outer ends `of the sub-1evers. i

'6: `In a typewriting machine, the combination with a set of type-bars `arranged to swing to'a .common printing center, of keyfulcrumed in 'rear of the ying key-levers being loeated..laterally beyond the type-bars, links connectedtothe depending arms of the key- I levers and extending forwardly from said 'v arms, and sub-levers for actuating the typebars,leach sub-lever pivoted intermediate its `ends and operatively connected at one endy 2.0 t t forward end of the corresponding l1nk,-. the t :sub-levers extending' laterally to bringthe `toiits type-.bar and at the other end to the point..of"connection vwith each link slt-b- 'stantiallyl into the plane of the -connected li-" tionl'with a set of type-bars, of a set of key, vlevers therefor,arranged in parallel relation .key-lever.

-"Z.; Ina typewriting machine, the combinach extending rearwardly below the rs," said key-levers having at their dsnpwardly-extending fulcrum arms keys at their forward ends, the outlying "key-levers being located some distance laterally ofthe corresponding type-bars, links `Connected to the key-levers andi having "mainly a forward and rearward movement when the key-levers are actuated, each link moving substantially inthe vertical plane 'of lits-ke'y-lever, anda set of sub-levers fanning "outfrom the type-bars for actuating the latter,l the vouter ends of the fanned-out portions of the sub-levers each terminating .sub-

s tantially in the vertical plane of the cor- .I "esponding link and connected at said end to Saidlink; said type-bars, sub-levers and occupying the space between said fulcrum arms and 'said keys. 8. Ina typewriting machine,the combination with a set vof-type-bars ofa set of l50 key-levers therefor, arranged'in parallel relation and each extending rearwardly lbelow v the type-bars, the outlying key-levers being located some distance laterally of the corre- `spending type-bars, links connected to the lkey-leversand having mainly a forward and rearward movement when the key-levers are actuated, each link moving substantially in the vertical planev of. its key-lever, and a set of sub-levers fanning out from the type-bars for actuating thel latter, the outer ends of the sub-levers each terminating substantially k'in the vertical plane of the corresponding link and connected to said link,

said sub-levers fulcrumed intermediate their ends and provided at their inner ends with racks, said type-bars formed with-'gear segments intermeshin with.' said racks for.`

swinging the typears from'laposition of rest through an angle of more than ninety v ing arm and extending forwardlytherefrom, a 'type-bar, and a sub-lever'for swing- 'ing the type-bar, Said sub-lever extending I laterally from the 4type-bar 'and connected at itstouter end to said link'.

10. In a typewriting machine, thecombination with a type-bar, of a support therefor shiftable up and; downto different case positions, a sub-lever for,` swinging the type-bar on its support to printing-position, said subleverI mounted to shift with said support without changing its position relative to the type-bar, a key-lever comprising a portion depending from its pivot and located in rear of the sub-leverV and having a forward and rearward movement when the key-lever is actuated, and a link connected to said portionof the key-lever below said pivot, and

extending forwardly therefrom and connected with the sub-lever, said link moved rearwardly by the movement 0f-the ,keylever to actuate the sub-lever and swing the type-bar to printing position, said link swinging about its point of connection with the key-lever when the type-bar' support is 'shifted 11. kIn a typewriting machine, the combination with a set of type-bars arranged to swing to a common printing center, of a support on which the type-bars lare fulto shift the type-bars lto di'erent case positions, sub-levers having operating connections with the type-bars and mounted Lto shift up and down with the type-bar support, so that their position relative tothe type-bars is the same for different case pos? tions, key-levers for actuating the type-bars, Said key-levers having at their rear ends crumed, said support shiftable up anddown upwardly-extending fulcrum arms and keys at their forward ends, the outlyingkeylevers being located laterally beyond the corl responding type-bars, and connecting links between thekey-levers and sub-levers for actu/ating the latter,` the sub-levers being fanned out from the type-bars,"' the fannedout portions of the sub-levers having points .l

of connection with the linkssubstantially in the planes of movement of the key-levers, said sub-levers and' keyllevers, at their points of connection with -thelinks, having a forward and rearward movement during the movement of the type-bars about .their` fulcrums, said linkspermitting the type-bar Legnaia support to4 shift' up and` down without changing the lposition of thekeys 4or swinglmg the Asub-levers on-.their support; said ,lful.crumed to swing -to a common printing .point at the platen, a support on which the type-bars are mounted, said support shifttypebars,.sublevers and links occupyingthe ,Spacenlbetween said fulcrun'i arms and said keys. f

In a typewritingmachine,the combinationwith a platen, of a set `of type-bars able .up and down to bring thev type-bars to ,A upper and lower, case positions, key-levers' "fulcruinedin rear of the` platen and having portions depending from their fnlcrums and` swinging rearwardly when the keys are depressed, the outlying key-levers located at a distance laterally from the corresponding type-bars, .sub-levers mounted to shift yup and down with the type-bar support, said sub-levers operatively connected at their inner ends to type-bars and fanned out laterally so that, the spread o'f the sub-levers cor- -their pivots to 'ed' to the sub-levers, .wardly bythe depression of the keys, said 'their support and the positions of responds' to the spread of the set of typebars, thej'outer ends of the sub-levershaving rearward movement about aotuate the type-bars, and links extending forwardly from the depending portions of the key-levers and connects'aid links moved reara -forward" and links swinging about their pivotal connection-.with the key-levers during the caser shifting movements of the type-bar support so that the positions of 'the sub-levers on k the keylevers are unaifected' bythe case-shifting movements.

13. In"k a typewriting, machine, the combination with a type-bar, of a support therei for shiftable up Aand down to different case f the type-bar support, c vsaid downwardly extending portion of the .key-lever with said means.

a key-lever having a. depressible lever pivoted behind said support and comprising a portion extending downwardly from said pivot and having mainly a forward and rearward movement, means for swin-ging the type-bar on its support to printing position, said and a link connecting positions,

14. In a typewriting machine, the combi- ....nationwitha platen, a type-bar, and a sup- .A port on which the type-bar is mounted to lT515 swing to printing position at the platen, said support .shiftable up and down to different ease positions, ofl means for swinging the pe-bar' onits support, said means. shiftablelup and down with saidl support, akeylever pivotedl behind the platen and com-- depending from Vsaid pivot,

prising an arm Y and a forwardly extending portion having a l :sa

depressible key, and a link connecting said depending arm of the key-lever with the said type-bar-swinging means, said link means shiftable with bination with -a platen,

moving' inv a 'rearward directioii'whenj the key is depressedand operable by a rearward .pull on the type-bar-swinging"meansfte keys at the forward endsof said portions,

said system of .key-levers extendingl laterally beyond the system of type-(bars, a system of sub-levers for operatingy the tvpe'-l bars and fanned `outwar`dly to extend later-4 ally about the same distance as the key-leversystem, and links connecting the 'said pend A y ent key-lever arms to the outer ends of the'` 90 sub-levers for'actuating the latter; said ty'pe-` v bars, sub-levers andli'nks occupying the space between' saidA pendent arms 'and said keys.

16. In a typewriting machine, the icombi- 95 nation `with a platen, of a system of' type'- bars mounted in an arc to strike rearwardly against the front of the platen, a system of' key-levers comprising 'pendent arms inrea'r l of the type-bar arc and'provided withI for 100 wardly extending key-bearing portions, a system' of sub-levers for actuating the type-f. bars and fanned .outwardly` from the type'- bar arc, and links connectedto saidpendent arms, extending forwardly therefrom," and 1,05`

connected at their forward ends to the outer ends of the sub-levers, said links being moved rearwardly when Hthe keys are depressed to' actnate the sub-levers and type-bars'. l

17. In a typewriting machine, 'theomr110 bination with a platen, of a system of type-v. bars mounted in an arc to strike rearwardly against the frontofthe platen', a system of bent levers carrying keys at their forward, ends, said levers comprising arms extend-" ing upwardly in parallelism and fulcrumedat theirupper ends, a system Of'links-connested tothe rear eiidsof the key-levers below their fulcrums and `extending for' wardly therefrom, and a system of sub- 'levers to operate the type-bars and fanned outwardly from theftype-bar arc and hav-j ing their outwardly extending portions lcon-` nected to the forwardlyV extending portions of the links; sand type-bars and sub-levers occupying thespace between said arms and said keys. Y Y l 18. In a typewriting machine, the comof a system of typebars-mounted in an are to vstrike rearwardly 1130 against the front of the platen, a system of key-levers arranged in parallelism, said system of key-levers extending laterally a substantialdistance beyond the type-bar system, said key-levers pivoted in rear of the type-bars and comprising arms depending from their pivots, and key-bearing portions extending forwardly from the lower ends of said arms below the type-bars, a system radiating downwardly bring the outer end of of sub-levers connected at their inner ends to operate the type-bars, said sub-levers and outwardly to each sub-lever to about the plane of movement of the corresponding key-lever, and links connected to said depending arms and extending forwardly in parallelism and connected at their forward ends to the outer ends of the sublevers.

19. In a typewriting machine, Vthe combination with a platen, of a system of typebars mounted in an arc to strike rearwardly against the front of the platen, a system of key-levers arranged in parallelism and extending laterally beyond the system of typebars, a vfulcruln rod extending transversely of the system of key-levers, sub-levers fulcrumed on said rod and having connections at their inner ends with the type-bars for operating the latter, the sub-le-vers being fanned outwardly from their fulcrums, said keylevers pivoted in rear of the type-bars and comprising arms dependin from their pivots, and forwardly exten ing key-bearing portions, and links connected to said depending arms and extending forwardlyl therefrom and connected to the outer ends of the sub-levers. l l

20. In a. Vtypewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a system of typebars mounted in an arc and arranged to swing from a cumbent position to 'a position in which they lie in an upwardly and rearwardly inclined plane when at the printing point, a support carrying the typebars and shiftable. in a. direction parallel with said plane to move the types 'to upper and lower case positions, a system of keylevers arranged in parallelism and extending laterally beyond the system of typebars, vsaid key-levers pivoted in rear of the type-bars and comprising arms depending from their pivots, and forwardly extending key-bearing portions, a system of sublevers to operate the type-bars and fanned outwardly therefrom, and links connected to said depending arms of the key-levers and extending forwardly and upwardly i therefrom about perpendicular to y said plane ;l

forwardly moving portions of said lm Y le? vers and extending tothe outer en of said sub-levers.

22. In a typewriting machine, thecombination of a system of key levers fulcrumed at the rear of the machine and'comprising pendent rear arms, and portions extending forwardly from said arms, key stems rising from said arms, and a vsystem'of type-1 bars, subflevers and links occupying-the space' between said pendent arms and Said key stems, said sub-levers fanning from the type-bars and each pivoted between its ends, and said links connected to backwardly and forwardly moving portions of said key levers and extending to the outer ends of said sub-levers, said type-bars normally extending forwardly from their pivots, but in printing positions extending upwardly and rearwardly from their pivots, and being closely lcompacted and connected to said' levers, each comprisingra pendent arm pivl oted at the ,rear of the machine and extending downwardly, and also com rising a forwardly-extending portion an a 'key steml rising therefrom, type-bars occupying the space betweenthe keystems and said arms, sub-levers connected to the type-bars at their upper ends and fanning outwardly and downwardly from the type-bars, each sublever pivoted between its ends, and links extending from the lower ends of said sublevers rearwardly'and connected to said key levers at about the junction/of thependent arms with the forwardly-extending portions.

BURNHAM c. STICKNEY.

Witnesses W. O. WEsrrHAL, JULIUs DUoxs'rrNE. 

